Володимир Соломонович Біблер та його діалогіка культури

Volodymyr S. Bibler (1918–2000) is a philosopher and the author of conception of dia-logics, or logic of the dialogue between cultures. Having started as a Marxist striving to resurrect the true Marx, free of the distortions of official Soviet dogma, Bibler created a completely original conception of philosophical logic based on the idea of the dialogic nature of human reason (cf. Bakhtin), an idea that is pursued to its ultimate logical foundations. Unlike the philosophy of the New Time (XVII–XIX centuries, Descartes, Kant, Fichte, Hegel), which saw itself as Wissenschaftslehre, as a substantiation of cognizing reason, XX-century philosophy, became a philosophy of culture that provided a logical basis on which culture (not just science) would be able to substantiate itself. Culture can do it only in a sort of logic dialogue with another culture’s reason. Every culture, according to Bibler, creates its own particular Reason — and just as such universal one. Bibler described (reconstructed) the types of Reason for the cultures of certain epochs of European history: Classical Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the New Time. These different reasons, different logics, cannot be generalized or understood as different aspects or stages of a single universal; each of them realizes its own, particular (but universal) means of understanding. Bibler consistently develops the concept of culture as a dialogue of cultures: the cultures of different epochs do not absorb each other during progressive development, but in thinking, artistic vision, the social being of a modern person communicate, argue, debate, contend one with another, reciprocally presupposing and grounding one another. Bibler also worked out a conception of the School of the Dialogue of Cultures based on his dia-logics.